US economic growth weaker than thought in fourth quarter with government shutdown, consumer pullback

Grocery Store shelves
Dairy products is displayed for sale at a grocery store Friday, Oct. 31, 2025, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/George Walker IV)

George Walker IV / AP Photo

U.S. economic growth slowed in the final three months of last year, dragged down by the six-week shutdown of the federal government and a pullback in consumer spending.

The nation’s gross domestic product — the total output of goods and services — increased at a 1.4% annual rate in the fourth quarter, the Commerce Department reported Friday, down from 4.4% in the July-September quarter and 3.8% in the quarter before that.

The figures point to a more modest pace of growth in the coming quarters, as consumers take on more debt and cut back on saving to maintain their spending. Business investment, outside data centers and other equipment dedicated to artificial intelligence, grew at only a moderate pace.